Metal Ions

Metal ions are positively charged atoms of metallic elements formed by the loss of one or more electrons. They are fundamental to both chemical and biological systems, playing critical roles in structure, function, and reactivity. They function as enzyme cofactors, contribute to structural stability, and are essential for various physiological processes including nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and oxygen transport. Disruption of normal metal ion homeostasis is implicated in various diseases. Examples include zinc (\(\mathrm{Zn}^{2+}\)), magnesium (\(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\)), calcium (\(\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}\)), and iron (\(\mathrm{Fe}^{2+/3+}\)).

Other names

Metallic CationsHydrated Metal Ions