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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Metallothionein-1A (MT1A)
- Target
- MT1A
- Molecular classification
- Metal-binding protein, Metal ion transporter (chelator), Antioxidant protein, Other (not a receptor, enzyme, transporter, ion channel, nor transcription factor)
01
Overview
Metallothionein-1A is a small, cysteine-rich protein that binds and detoxifies divalent heavy metals in human cells. It plays a critical role in protecting cells against oxidative stress and metal toxicity, maintains metal ion homeostasis (especially zinc and copper), and modulates immune and inflammatory responses by interacting with signaling pathways such as STAT, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and Wnt. It is expressed ubiquitously, especially in organs most exposed to heavy metals (liver, kidney, intestine), and its dysregulation has been implicated in cancer, inflammatory diseases, diabetes, and other conditions.
- Other names
- MT1AMetallothionein-1AMT1SMT-1AMT-IAMetallothionein-IAMT1MTCmetallothionein 1A (functional)metallothionein 1Smetallothionein-IA
02
Mechanism of action
Drugs or compounds that influence MT1A act by altering transcriptional regulation, metal ion availability, and modulation of signaling pathways (e.g., increasing antioxidant defenses, reducing inflammatory signaling)
03
Biological functions
Regulation of metal ion homeostasisDetoxification of heavy metalsProtection against oxidative stressRegulation of immune homeostasisModulation of inflammatory signaling pathways (STAT, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, Wnt)
04
Disease associations
Cancer (regulation of carcinogenesis, tumor progression/invasion)Inflammation (inflammatory bowel diseases, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis)Neurodegenerative disease (indirect through protection from oxidative stress)Diabetes MellitusOther (heavy metal poisoning, immune disorders)
05
Safety considerations
Therapeutic targeting of MT1A may disrupt essential metal ion homeostasisOverexpression or deficiency can lead to altered immune responses or increased susceptibility to heavy metal toxicity and carcinogenesis
06
Interacting drugs
Zinc supplements
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
MT1A expression level is investigated as a biomarker for inflammatory responsecertain cancerssusceptibility to heavy metal toxicitydisease states such as diabetes and osteoarthritis
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