MHC class II-restricted T-cell receptor specific for Bet v 1 epitopes (Bet v 1-specific TCR)

MHC class II-restricted T-cell receptors (TCRs) specific for Bet v 1 epitopes are the primary molecular sensors on CD4+ T cells that recognize the major birch pollen allergen, Bet v 1. These receptors bind to specific peptide fragments of Bet v 1, such as the immunodominant epitope Bet v 1 (142–156), when they are presented by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II molecules, particularly HLA-DRB1*01:01 (Jutel et al., 2015; UniProt P15494). In sensitized individuals, this interaction triggers a Th2-polarized immune response, characterized by the secretion of cytokines like IL-4 and IL-13, which drive IgE production and allergic inflammation (Bohle et al., 2003). These TCRs are the functional targets of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), which utilizes repeated exposure to the allergen to reprogram the T-cell response. Successful therapy leads to the induction of T-cell anergy or the expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) that produce suppressive cytokines like IL-10, thereby restoring immune tolerance (Leb et al., 2004). Understanding the diversity and specificity of these TCRs is essential for the design of safer, peptide-based vaccines that can engage the TCR without cross-linking IgE on mast cells.

Other names

Bet v 1-specific T-cell receptorBirch pollen allergen-specific TCRBet v 1-reactive CD4+ T-cell receptorMHC-II restricted Bet v 1 TCR

Induction of immunological tolerance through T-cell anergy, immune deviation (Th2 to Th1 shift), or expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) upon engagement of the TCR with specific allergen epitopes.