MHC class II transactivator (CIITA)

MHC class II transactivator (CIITA) is a master transcriptional regulator that is essential for the activation of major histocompatibility complex class II gene expression in nucleated cells. CIITA does not bind DNA directly; instead, it functions as a non-DNA-binding coactivator that nucleates the assembly of multiprotein enhanceosome complexes on the promoters of MHC class II genes, permitting transcription and subsequent expression of MHC class II molecules essential for antigen presentation to CD4+ T-cells. CIITA deficiency results in a rare immunodeficiency known as Type II bare lymphocyte syndrome, whereas altered CIITA regulation has been implicated in cancer and some autoimmune conditions. CIITA can also regulate expression of certain non-MHC genes relevant to immune function, acting as an integration point for immune gene regulation. CIITA represents a validated molecular target for immunological diseases, though no therapies currently act on it directly.

Other names

CIITAC2TAMHC2TANLRANLR family, acid domain containingnucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat and acid domain containing

CIITA functions as a transcriptional coactivator, not a typical pharmacological drug target; no MoA for drugs as CIITA is not directly drugged