Microorganism adhesion and biofilm formation

Microorganism adhesion and biofilm formation" is a complex, multi-step biological process by which bacteria and other microorganisms attach to surfaces and subsequently form structured communities known as biofilms. The process begins with microbial surface attachment (often mediated by flagella, pili, or surface adhesins), followed by microcolony formation, production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) for matrix development, biofilm maturation into a 3D structure, and eventual dispersion. The regulation of this process involves numerous molecular pathways, including cell-surface appendages, matrix protein production, signaling molecules such as c-di-GMP, and environmental cues (pH, oxygen, nutrient availability, and metal ions)[1][2]. This process plays a major role in chronic and device-associated infections due to intrinsic resistance to antimicrobial agents and host immune evasion. It is not a singular molecular target but rather a therapeutic concept or process that may be modulated by targeting its individual molecular components or signals.

Other names

Microbial adhesion and biofilm formationBacterial adhesion and biofilm formationAdherence and biofilm formation (microorganisms)

Inhibition of adhesin synthesis or function; Disruption of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS); Interference with quorum sensing; Blockade of signaling molecules such as c-di-GMP