MicroRNA 142-3p (miR-142-3p)

MicroRNA 142-3p (miR-142-3p) is a highly conserved, hematopoietic-specific microRNA that serves as a master regulator of immune system development and function (PubMed: 24035146). It is derived from the MIR142 gene and plays a critical role in the differentiation of T-cells, B-cells, and myeloid lineages by targeting key signaling molecules such as ADCY9, RAC1, and various cytokines (miRBase). In clinical contexts, miR-142-3p is frequently identified as a tumor suppressor in hematological malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia and various lymphomas, where its loss of expression contributes to uncontrolled cell growth (PubMed: 28651541). Conversely, its dysregulation is also implicated in autoimmune disorders, cardiac hypertrophy, and organ transplant rejection, making it a versatile biomarker and therapeutic target. Current pharmacological approaches focus on RNA-based technologies, such as synthetic mimics to replenish levels in cancer or antagomirs to block its activity in inflammatory states. Although specific miR-142-3p targeted therapies are primarily in the preclinical or early clinical stages, the molecule remains a high-priority target for precision medicine in immunology and oncology.

Other names

hsa-miR-142-3pMIR142MicroRNA 142

Post-transcriptional gene silencing through sequence-specific binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNAs, leading to mRNA cleavage or translational repression.