MicroRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p)

MicroRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p) is a mature microRNA derived from the MIR143/145 gene cluster located on chromosome 5q32. It functions as a master post-transcriptional regulator that typically acts as a potent tumor suppressor in a variety of malignancies, including lung, breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers [1, 5, 8]. By binding to the 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of oncogenic messenger RNAs such as c-Myc, KRAS, and EGFR, it inhibits key cellular processes like proliferation, migration, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition [5, 10, 11]. Beyond oncology, miR-145-5p plays a vital role in maintaining the contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells and has been implicated in cardiovascular diseases, organ fibrosis, and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease [9, 13, 14]. Therapeutic strategies currently focus on the use of miR-145 mimics to restore its suppressive function in cancer or antagomirs to block its activity in fibrotic conditions [13, 14]. However, clinical advancement is hindered by challenges in systemic delivery and the risk of off-target toxicity, such as potential injury to kidney podocytes [9, 14].

Other names

hsa-miR-145-5pMIR145MIRN145MicroRNA-145miR-145

Post-transcriptional gene silencing through complementary binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of target mRNAs, resulting in mRNA degradation or translational repression.