MicroRNA-195-5p (miR-195-5p)

MicroRNA-195-5p (miR-195-5p) is a highly conserved small non-coding RNA belonging to the miR-15/16/195/424/497 family, which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle and apoptosis (Liu et al., 2020, PubMed). It primarily functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting key oncogenic factors such as Cyclin D1, CDK6, and BCL2, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing programmed cell death (Cai et al., 2017, PubMed). In many human malignancies, including breast, lung, and liver cancers, miR-195-5p is frequently downregulated, and its restoration has shown therapeutic potential in preclinical models (Wang et al., 2019, PubMed). Beyond oncology, miR-195-5p is involved in cardiovascular health, where it regulates cardiac hypertrophy and angiogenesis, and in neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease by modulating BACE1 expression (Zhu et al., 2012, PubMed). Therapeutic strategies currently focus on the use of synthetic miR-195 mimics to restore its function in cancer or antagomirs to inhibit its activity in specific cardiovascular contexts. However, challenges such as efficient delivery to target tissues and the potential for off-target effects remain significant hurdles in its clinical development (Rupaimoole & Slack, 2017, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery). miR-195-5p also influences metabolic pathways, including glucose and lipid metabolism, making it a multifaceted target for various chronic diseases.

Other names

hsa-miR-195-5pMIR195MicroRNA 195miR-195

Post-transcriptional gene silencing through sequence-specific binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), leading to mRNA degradation or translational repression of oncogenic or pathogenic proteins.