MicroRNA 19b-1 (MIR19B1)

MicroRNA 19b-1 (MIR19B1) is a short non-coding RNA of the microRNA class, encoded as part of the oncogenic miR-17–92 cluster on chromosome 13 that also includes miR-17, miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-20a, and miR-92a-1. It functions in post-transcriptional repression of gene expression by binding imperfectly to target mRNAs, most commonly resulting in translational inhibition or degradation of the targets. MIR19B1 influences a wide variety of cellular processes including cell cycle progression, proliferation, apoptosis, adipocyte differentiation, immune cell differentiation, and neural development. It is frequently overexpressed in multiple human cancers, in which it promotes tumor cell survival, proliferation, migration, and metastasis by repressing tumor suppressors such as PTEN, SOCS1, and RhoB, and modulating key oncogenic signaling pathways. Circulating levels of miR-19b have been proposed as specific biomarkers in diseases like breast cancer. MIR19B1 constitutes an emerging but challenging therapeutic target due to its broad physiological and pathological roles in gene regulatory networks.

Other names

hsa-mir-19b-1C13orf25MIR17HGMIR19BMIRH1MIRHG1MIRN19B1miR-19b-1miRNA19B1MicroRNA-19bPutative microRNA 17 host gene proteinPutative microRNA host gene 1 proteinmiR-19b

Negative regulation of target mRNAs via binding to 3' untranslated regions, causing mRNA degradation or translational repression. Direct targeting of tumor suppressors (e.g., PTEN, SOCS1, RhoB, MXD1, PITX1, CtIP, PTPRG). Modulation of cell signaling pathways (PI3K/AKT, STAT3, TGF-β).