MicroRNA-33 (miR-33) (miR-33)

MicroRNA-33 (miR-33) is a family of non-coding RNAs, specifically miR-33a and miR-33b, that are intronic to the SREBP genes and serve as master regulators of lipid metabolism (Rayner et al., 2010, Nature). Its primary biological function is the post-transcriptional repression of the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), which is essential for the formation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and the efflux of cholesterol from macrophages (Moore et al., 2011, Journal of Clinical Investigation). In disease states, miR-33 contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome by lowering HDL levels and promoting lipid accumulation in the liver and arterial walls (Rotllan et al., 2013, Circulation Research). Therapeutic targeting of miR-33 involves the use of antisense oligonucleotides, such as RG-125, designed to inhibit the microRNA and restore the expression of its target genes (Hussain et al., 2015, World Journal of Cardiology). Clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated that miR-33 inhibition can increase circulating HDL-C and reduce atherosclerotic plaque size, though concerns remain regarding its impact on glucose homeostasis and long-term safety (Price et al., 2021, Nature Reviews Cardiology).

Other names

miR-33amiR-33bMIR33hsa-mir-33ahsa-mir-33bMicroRNA 33aMicroRNA 33b

Antisense oligonucleotide-mediated inhibition of miR-33 to derepress target genes such as ABCA1, thereby enhancing cholesterol efflux and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) synthesis.