MicroRNA 4290 (MIR4290)

MicroRNA 4290 (MIR4290, hsa-miR-4290) is a single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecule approximately 18–22 nucleotides in length, belonging to the broad class of microRNAs. As with other human microRNAs, MIR4290 functions mainly by post-transcriptionally regulating gene expression, typically binding imperfectly to the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of target messenger RNAs to repress protein translation or promote mRNA degradation. MIR4290 has been experimentally implicated as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer: increased MIR4290 activity inhibits cell proliferation, promotes apoptosis, and reduces glycolysis via direct targeting and repression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1). This disruption of glycolytic metabolism further enhances the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to cisplatin, making MIR4290 a candidate both as a therapeutic target and as a biomarker of chemotherapeutic response. Like other microRNAs, MIR4290 may play additional regulatory roles depending on its cellular and disease context, but gastric cancer is currently its most clearly defined disease association. General microRNA biology: MicroRNAs are non-protein-coding regulatory RNAs, functioning in gene silencing and fine-tuning of gene networks in development, homeostasis, and disease. They modulate their effects via base-pairing with target mRNAs. MicroRNA research is rapidly evolving; functions, validated targets, and clinical applications for individual microRNAs such as MIR4290 may expand or be refined as new data becomes available.

Other names

hsa-miR-4290MIR4290microRNA-4290

MIR4290 binds to mRNA transcripts of target genes (notably PDK1), repressing their translation or inducing degradation. Suppression of glycolysis in cancer cells by targeting key metabolic regulators (PDK1). Enhances sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin, by modulating cellular metabolic pathways.