MicroRNA 455 (miR-455)

MicroRNA 455 (miR-455) is a member of a highly conserved family of small, non-coding single-stranded RNAs embedded in the human COL27A1 gene on chromosome 9q32. The precursor sequence is 96 base pairs and generates two mature forms: miR-455-3p and miR-455-5p. miR-455 functions by binding to complementary sequences in the 3′-untranslated regions of messenger RNAs to regulate their translation or stability, thereby serving as a post-transcriptional gene silencer. miR-455 plays key roles in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, differentiation, and apoptosis, acting as a tumor suppressor in many cancers by targeting genes such as Runx2, GATA6, ZEB1, HDAC2, RAF1, and Rab31. Dysregulation of miR-455 has been linked to cancer progression, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis, as well as neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease, where miR-455-3p is proposed as a potential peripheral biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring. Therapeutically, manipulation of miR-455 is under investigation, but challenges remain regarding delivery, specificity, and safety.

Other names

hsa-miR-455MIRN455mir-455MIR455miR-455-3pmiR-455-5p

Suppression or enhancement of target mRNA translation via base pairing to the 3′-UTR of mRNAs (e.g., targeting Runx2, GATA6, ZEB1, HDAC2, RAF1, Rab31). Use as a therapeutic molecule or biomarker (miRNA replacement/inhibition therapy)