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MicroRNA 583 (MIR583)
- Target
- MIR583
- Molecular classification
- microRNA, Non-coding RNA, Regulatory RNA
01
Overview
MicroRNA 583 (MIR583) is a short (20-24 nucleotide) non-coding RNA involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in humans. It is transcribed as part of a primary transcript and processed into a precursor and mature form. MIR583 is implicated in the regulation of gene networks governing immune cell differentiation (notably, it inhibits natural killer cell maturation by silencing the IL2 receptor gamma chain) and extracellular matrix metabolism in intervertebral disc cells (by repressing BTRC and modulating key structural and degradative proteins). Altered MIR583 expression is associated with pathological conditions such as immune dysregulation, certain inflammatory diseases, and intervertebral disc degeneration
- Other names
- hsa-mir-583MIRN583MIR583
02
Mechanism of action
Not applicable to drugs, as there are no known drugs that specifically target microRNA 583. However, microRNA 583 acts on target mRNAs by base-pairing with their 3′ untranslated regions (3'UTRs), leading to suppression of gene expression
03
Biological functions
Regulation of gene expression via post-transcriptional silencing (binding to target mRNA to inhibit translation or promote degradation)Negative regulation of natural killer (NK) cell differentiation by targeting IL2 receptor gamma (IL2Rγ)Regulation of extracellular matrix metabolism in intervertebral disc cells (nucleus pulposus cells) by targeting BTRC and regulating collagen-II, aggrecan, MMP-13, and ADAMTS-5 expression
04
Disease associations
Cancer (as microRNAs are broadly implicated in oncogenesis and tumor suppression; miR-583 specifically regulates NK cell differentiation, which is relevant in cancer immunology)Inflammation/Immune response (as a regulator of NK cell development and function)Intervertebral disc degeneration (through regulation of ECM components in nucleus pulposus cells)Other (potential regulatory roles in infection, as indicated in association with chronic hepatitis B, though direct mechanistic evidence is limited)
05
Safety considerations
None directly attributable, as there are no known therapeutic products targeting this microRNA. Potential concerns in experimental manipulation may involve *off-target gene silencing* or *broad effects on gene regulatory networks* due to the pleiotropic nature of microRNAs.
06
Biomarkers
Differential expression of microRNA 583 has been proposed as a biomarker for intervertebral disc degeneration severity (downregulation correlates with more severe disease)Expression level may serve as a biomarker for NK cell differentiation status or activity in immunology research contexts
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