microRNA regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle (miRNA (specific names include miR-106b~25 cluster, miR-199a, miR-590, miR-128))

MicroRNAs regulating the cardiomyocyte cell cycle are small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression post-transcriptionally by targeting mRNA transcripts involved in cell cycle progression, proliferation, and differentiation of cardiac muscle cells. Key examples include the miR-106b~25 cluster, miR-199a, miR-590, and miR-128. Experimental modulation of these microRNAs has been shown to enhance cardiomyocyte proliferation and promote heart regeneration after injury. Some (e.g., miR-128) function as negative regulators, and their inhibition releases the proliferative block in adult cardiomyocytes, while others (e.g., miR-199a, miR-106b~25 cluster) can directly stimulate proliferation when overexpressed[2][3][4][1]. These microRNAs are under investigation as potential therapeutic targets for enhancing cardiac regeneration and repair following myocardial infarction or in heart failure, but major safety and specificity concerns remain before clinical translation.

Other names

microRNA involved in cardiomyocyte proliferationcardiac cell cycle microRNAmiR-106b~25 clustermiR-199amiR-590miR-128cardiomyo-miRs

Direct binding to the 3'-UTR of target mRNA to repress translation or promote mRNA degradation, leading to changes in expression of cell cycle regulators (e.g., targeting YAP pathway, repression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors like p27, modulation of cyclin and CDK genes)[2][3][4].