Microsomal Triglyceride-Transfer Protein (MTP)

Microsomal triglyceride-transfer protein (MTP) is a heterodimeric lipid transfer protein complex located in the endoplasmic reticulum. It plays a central role in lipid metabolism, particularly in the assembly and secretion of triglyceride-rich apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins such as chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). MTP facilitates the transfer of neutral lipids—triglycerides, cholesteryl esters, and phospholipids—between membranes within cells. Mutations or deficiencies cause abetalipoproteinemia—a rare hereditary disorder characterized by an inability to produce chylomicrons/VLDL/LDL. MTP inhibition is considered an important modality to treat hyperlipidemia and reduce risk for atherosclerosis. Recent research suggests additional roles in immune function and cancer biology.

Other names

MTTPMicrosomal triglyceride transfer protein large subunitApolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G

MTP inhibition lowers plasma lipid levels by directly targeting MTP function.