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Microtubule protein tubulin alpha chain

Molecular classification: Structural protein, Tubulins

Overview

The tubulin alpha chain is a core component of microtubules, which are cylindrical polymers essential for the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. Microtubules are composed of heterodimers formed by alpha- and beta-tubulin subunits. These structures play critical roles in maintaining cell shape, enabling intracellular transport, facilitating cell division (mitosis), and supporting neuronal development. Microtubule-targeting agents exploit tubulin’s role in mitosis to treat cancer by disrupting microtubule dynamics required for cell division. Mutations or dysregulation of specific tubulins can lead to neurodevelopmental disorders or impact cancer progression through altered cellular architecture or metabolism.

Other names: TubulinTUBA1A (example isoform)Alpha-tubulin

Mechanism of action

Disruption of microtubule dynamics required for cell division

Biological functions

Structural supportIntracellular transportCell divisionNeuronal developmentMaintenance of cell shapeChromosome segregationCellular motility

Disease associations

Neurodevelopmental disordersCancer

Safety considerations

Potential for neurotoxicityOff-target effects due to ubiquitous expression

Interacting drugs

Taxol

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