Target intelligence / Profile preview

Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH2)

Target: ALDH2
Molecular classification: Enzyme, Aldehyde dehydrogenase

Overview

Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) is a key enzyme in the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. It catalyzes the oxidation of acetaldehyde to acetic acid, representing the second step in the major oxidative pathway for alcohol metabolism. ALDH2 is also involved in detoxifying a variety of endogenous and exogenous aldehydes, protecting cells from oxidative stress and aldehyde-induced damage. A common variant, ALDH2*2, leads to reduced enzyme activity and is associated with alcohol intolerance and increased disease risk.

Other names: Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2ALDH2ALDH-E2

Mechanism of action

Inhibition of ALDH2, leading to accumulation of acetaldehyde

Biological functions

Ethanol metabolismAcetaldehyde detoxificationDetoxification of biogenic aldehydesProtection against oxidative stress

Disease associations

Alcohol dependenceCardiovascular diseaseNeurodegenerative diseasesCancerAlcohol flush reaction (Asian flush)

Safety considerations

Drug interactions leading to disulfiram-like reactionsIncreased risk of certain cancers in individuals with ALDH2 deficiency who consume alcoholPotential cardiovascular risks associated with acetaldehyde accumulation

Interacting drugs

Disulfiram

2 more in the full profile.

Biomarkers

ALDH2*2 genotypeAcetaldehyde levels

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