Mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component 2 (MTARC2)

Mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component 2 (MTARC2), also called mARC2, is a molybdenum-containing enzyme located on the outer mitochondrial membrane that catalyzes the reduction of N-oxygenated molecules, acting as a functional counterpart to cytochrome P450 and flavin monooxygenases in human metabolism[1][5][7]. It is a member of the MOSC domain protein family and requires a molybdenum cofactor for activity. MTARC2 is most highly expressed in the liver and kidney, with additional expression in thyroid, lung, intestine, and pancreas[1]. It plays a key role in the reductive metabolism of specific prodrugs, xenobiotic compounds, and may be involved in aspects of lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis, as demonstrated in mouse knockout models where loss of MTARC2 conferred resistance to diet-induced obesity and altered cholesterol levels[1]. Although closely related to mARC1, the tissue distribution and possibly substrate specificity of MTARC2 are distinct. MTARC2 has not yet been directly implicated as a primary clinical drug target, and approved drugs do not currently target this enzyme directly, but it is essential in metabolic activation pathways for certain pharmaceutics and could have relevance in diseases related to mitochondrial function, metabolism, and liver health[1][7].

Other names

mARC2MARC2MOSC2MOSC domain-containing protein 2Moco sulfurase C-terminal domain-containing protein 2Molybdenum cofactor sulfurase C-terminal domain-containing protein 2FLJ20605

Catalyzes two-electron reduction of N-oxygenated compounds utilizing a molybdenum cofactor[1][7] Functions as part of mitochondrial drug and xenobiotic metabolism, acting in concert with electron transfer partners[1]