Mitochondrial electron transport chain protein (ETC protein)

The mitochondrial electron transport chain protein refers to one of several large, multi-subunit transmembrane protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane that catalyze sequential redox reactions during cellular respiration[2][3][5][8]. These complexes (I-V, with ATP synthase as Complex V) and associated mobile electron carriers (ubiquinone and cytochrome c) transfer electrons derived from NADH or FADH2 to oxygen, pumping protons across the membrane to build an electrochemical gradient used to drive ATP synthesis[2][5][7][8]. Dysfunction in these proteins is implicated in many human diseases, especially those related to high-energy demand tissues. Drugs and toxins that interact with these proteins can inhibit or uncouple oxidative phosphorylation, leading to energetic failure or altered ROS production. "Mitochondrial electron transport chain proteins" as a term is not specific to a single protein, but refers collectively to various proteins that make up the ETC; therefore, this entry is too broad for a precise, unique molecular target[2][3][5].

Other names

Electron transport chain proteinETC componentMitochondrial respiratory chain proteinRespiratory chain complex protein

Inhibition of electron flow, Uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation, ROS modulation, Blocking ATP synthesis