Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim23 (TIMM23)

Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim23 (TIMM23) is an essential, integral membrane protein and core component of the TIM23 complex within the mitochondrial inner membrane[1][2][3]. The TIM23 complex mediates the translocation of proteins bearing an N-terminal presequence across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondrial matrix or their insertion into the inner membrane. TIMM23 forms part of the protein-conducting channel and interacts with several partners (including Tim17, Tim50, Tim21) to facilitate dynamic and regulated protein import. This import process is critical for mitochondrial biogenesis, respiratory chain assembly, and energy production. Dysregulation or overexpression of TIMM23 has been implicated in diseases such as non-small cell lung cancer, in which it promotes cell proliferation and survival, making it a candidate prognostic marker and therapeutic target[2]. No approved small-molecule drugs directly target TIMM23, though genetic inhibition in preclinical models impairs tumor growth and induces apoptosis[2]. Potential safety concerns relate to the protein’s central role in normal mitochondrial function in all cell types.

Other names

TIM23TIMM23Translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 23Translocase of the inner mitochondrial membrane 23 homologTranslocase of the inner mitochondrial membraneMitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim23

For RNAi/shRNA or CRISPR interventions: Inhibition of TIMM23 impairs mitochondrial protein import, disrupts mitochondrial function, lowers ATP production, and induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in target cells (e.g., cancer cells)[2]. No direct small-molecule or clinical inhibitor mechanism-of-action reported.