Target intelligence / Profile preview

Mitochondrial RNA Polymerase (POLRMT)

Target
POLRMT
Molecular classification
Enzyme, RNA Polymerase, Transcription factor
01

Overview

Mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT) is a nuclear-encoded enzyme responsible for transcribing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into RNA. This process is essential for the expression of mitochondrial genes and the production of RNA primers required for mtDNA replication. POLRMT is a single-subunit, DNA-dependent RNA polymerase that shares significant sequence and structural homology with bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase. It requires TFAM and TFB2M for initiation, and TEFM for elongation. POLRMT is a potential therapeutic target especially relevant to cancer cells reliant on high oxidative phosphorylation rates. Inhibiting this enzyme could selectively impact rapidly dividing cells. Additionally, some antiviral ribonucleoside analogs have off-target inhibitory effects on POLRMT activity.

Other names
APOLMTMTRNAPMTRPOLh-mtRPOL
02

Mechanism of action

Inhibition of mitochondrial RNA synthesis

03

Biological functions

TranscriptionmtDNA replicationGene expressionPrimer synthesis
04

Disease associations

Combined Oxidative Phosphorylation Deficiency 55Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome type 2
05

Safety considerations

Off-target effects of antiviral drugsPotential for mitochondrial toxicitySelectivity between mitochondrial and nuclear RNA polymerases
06

Interacting drugs

Antiviral ribonucleoside analogs (e.g., for Hepatitis C virus)

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