Mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit 5 (MT-ND5)

Mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit 5 (MT-ND5) is a core protein component of complex I in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane[1][5]. MT-ND5 is responsible for coupling NADH oxidation to proton translocation across the membrane, facilitating ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation[3][5]. Mutations in the MT-ND5 gene impair electron transport, reduce ATP production, alter mitochondrial membrane potential, and are implicated in a broad spectrum of mitochondrial disorders—including MELAS, Leigh syndrome, and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. MT-ND5 is considered essential for proper mitochondrial energy metabolism, and genetic variations are important biomarkers for mitochondrial and neurodegenerative diseases[1][3][5].

Other names

NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 5MTND5NADH5ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5complex I ND5 subunit

Inhibition of electron transfer from NADH to ubiquinone, leading to reduction in ATP production and increased production of reactive oxygen species (with complex I inhibitors like rotenone)[2]