Mitochondrially encoded tRNA-Glycine (MT-TG)

Mitochondrially encoded tRNA-Glycine (MT-TG, trnG) is a mitochondrial transfer RNA encoded by the mitochondrial genome, responsible for transferring glycine during mitochondrial protein synthesis as part of the mitochondrial translation machinery[1][5][6]. It plays a critical role in enabling the production of 13 core subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation complexes, which are essential for cellular ATP generation. Pathogenic mutations in MT-TG are rare compared to other mitochondrial tRNAs, but certain variants (such as m.9997T>C and m.10010T>C) have been definitively associated with mitochondrial diseases, particularly those affecting high-energy tissues like muscle and the nervous system[4]. MT-TG is not a druggable protein target nor a direct therapeutic target but is rather a functional RNA component essential for mitochondrial gene expression and bioenergetics. - MT-TG is not a receptor, enzyme, transporter, or signaling molecule. It is classified as a mitochondrial tRNA essential for translation within mitochondria[1][3][6]. - There are no known drugs or direct mechanisms of drug action targeting this tRNA, nor is it used as a routine biomarker; rather, mutations are implicated in rare mitochondrial disorders[4]. - Safety concerns relate to the heteroplasmic inheritance of mitochondrial DNA, leading to variability within tissues and individuals[4].

Other names

trnGTRNGMTTGmitochondrially encoded tRNA-Glymitochondrially encoded tRNA glycine