Modulation of blood glucose regulation via slow-digesting carbohydrates and dietary fiber

Slow-digesting carbohydrates and dietary fibers, especially viscous soluble dietary fibers (such as psyllium, guar gum, and β-glucan), modulate blood glucose regulation by slowing the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, resulting in a more gradual increase in blood glucose after meals. This effect improves glycemic control, reduces postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, and enhances insulin sensitivity, especially in individuals at risk for or living with type 2 diabetes. High-fiber, low-glycemic diets are associated with lower HbA1c, improved fasting glucose, reduced insulin resistance, and reduced risk of metabolic diseases[2][3][6][7][8]. However, this entry does not represent a druggable molecular target such as a receptor or an enzyme, but rather describes a nutritional strategy to influence blood glucose and metabolic outcomes. Therefore, it is not considered a canonical therapeutic target.

Other names

Glycemic modulation by fiberGlucose response regulation by slow-release carbsDietary fiber-mediated glycemic control

Increases viscosity of chyme, slowing gastric emptying and intestinal glucose absorption[2][6]. Reduces postprandial glucose spikes by slowing carbohydrate digestion[7]. Modulates insulin secretion, reducing demand for high insulin output[2][7]. Enhances tissue insulin sensitivity[6][8].