Modulatory microRNA (miRNA)

Modulatory microRNAs" (miRNAs) comprise a class of small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to complementary sequences in target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and mediating their degradation or inhibiting their translation. Many miRNAs act as key regulators or fine-tuners of immune responses by targeting signaling components of pathways involving toll-like receptors (TLRs), NF-κB, and cytokine networks, affecting both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Aberrant expression or delivery of specific miRNAs—such as miR-155, miR-146a, and miR-223—has been shown to influence inflammation, immune cell activation, and susceptibility to autoimmune or infectious diseases. However, "modulation of immune response through delivery of regulatory microRNAs" is a conceptual intervention strategy, not a single molecular target or receptor—it refers broadly to delivering (via drugs, oligonucleotides, or vectors) one or more miRNAs to alter immune signaling for therapeutic benefit in diseases such as cancer, infection, and neuroinflammation[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].

Other names

microRNAmiRNAregulatory microRNAimmune modulatory microRNA

RNA interference (suppression or degradation of target mRNA), Negative regulation of protein translation, Post-transcriptional gene silencing