Target intelligence / Profile preview

Monosodium Urate Crystals (MSU)

Target
MSU
Molecular classification
Crystal, Salt, DAMP (Danger-associated molecular pattern)
01

Overview

Monosodium urate (MSU) crystals are the crystalline form of monosodium urate, a salt derived from uric acid. They are best known as the causative agent in gout, where their deposition in joints and tissues triggers acute inflammatory responses. MSU crystals act as endogenous danger signals (DAMPs), potently activating the innate immune system by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. While not a direct drug target, their formation and deposition are the focus of therapeutic intervention in gout.

Other names
Monosodium urateSodium;7,9-dihydropurin-3-ide-2,6,8-trioneCHEBI:143125Uric Acid (crystals)
02

Mechanism of action

N/A

03

Biological functions

NLRP3 inflammasome activationSyk kinase activationPI3K pathway activationIL-1β secretionIL-18 secretionInnate immune response activation
04

Disease associations

GoutInflammation
05

Safety considerations

Flare risk with urate-lowering therapy initiationPotential for unintended immune activation in experimental settings

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