Multiple cell types and tissues via paracrine factors and cell-to-cell contacts

The phrase 'Multiple cell types and tissues via paracrine factors and cell-to-cell contacts' refers to the fundamental biological processes of intercellular communication rather than a discrete therapeutic target such as a protein or gene. Paracrine signaling involves the release of local mediators that affect cells in the immediate environment, whereas cell-to-cell contact (juxtacrine signaling) requires physical interaction between surface molecules (Alberts B, et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th edition. New York: Garland Science; 2002). These mechanisms are essential for coordinating complex physiological responses across different tissues and cell types. In pathological conditions like cancer or chronic inflammation, these communication channels are often subverted to promote disease progression, such as through the recruitment of stromal cells or the suppression of immune cells (Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell. 2011). Because this description encompasses a vast array of distinct molecular interactions, it is considered an incorrect target for drug discovery purposes. Therapeutic intervention instead targets specific components within these processes, such as individual cytokines, growth factors, or adhesion molecules.

Other names

Intercellular communicationParacrine signalingJuxtacrine signalingCell-cell contact signaling

Not applicable