Multiple endogenous hematopoietic and immune cell receptors

Multiple endogenous hematopoietic and immune cell receptors is a collective term for the diverse group of surface proteins targeted by polyclonal antithymocyte globulin (ATG) preparations. These targets include critical T-cell markers and signaling molecules such as CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD11a, CD18, CD25, CD44, CD45, and HLA-DR (DrugBank Online, 2024). By binding to these multiple receptors, ATG induces profound immunosuppression primarily through the depletion of circulating T-lymphocytes via complement-mediated lysis and apoptosis (Mohty, 2007). This broad-spectrum targeting is clinically utilized to prevent and treat acute organ transplant rejection, manage graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and treat severe aplastic anemia (StatPearls, 2023). While effective, the non-specific nature of targeting multiple immune receptors can lead to significant systemic side effects, including cytokine release syndrome and increased susceptibility to infections (PubMed, PMID: 17363961).

Other names

T-cell surface antigensThymocyte antigensLymphocyte-specific antigensATG targets

Polyclonal antibodies bind to multiple surface receptors on T-lymphocytes and other immune cells, inducing cell depletion through complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and apoptosis, while also modulating immune cell activation and trafficking (Mohty, 2007; DrugBank Online, 2024).