Multiple endogenous receptors for cytokines, growth factors, chemokines, and exosome cargo

This entry represents a broad category of biological entities rather than a single molecular target. It encompasses a diverse array of cell surface and intracellular proteins, including cytokine receptors, growth factor receptors, chemokine receptors, and receptors involved in the uptake of exosome cargo. These receptors are critical for mediating cellular responses to external stimuli, governing essential processes such as immune activation, tissue repair, and cellular proliferation [1][2]. In pathological states, dysregulation of these signaling pathways is a hallmark of cancer, chronic inflammation, and autoimmune disorders [3]. Therapeutic strategies often involve the use of monoclonal antibodies or small molecules to modulate these receptors, but the breadth of this category means that targeting it requires specificity for individual members within the group [4]. Consequently, this term is considered a collective descriptor for numerous distinct therapeutic targets rather than a single druggable entity. [1] Dinarello, C. A. (2007). European Journal of Immunology. [2] Lemmon, M. A., & Schlessinger, J. (2010). Cell. [3] Bachelerie, F., et al. (2014). Pharmacological Reviews. [4] Kalluri, R., & LeBleu, V. S. (2020). Science.

Other names

Cytokine receptorsGrowth factor receptorsChemokine receptorsExosome receptorsCell surface signaling receptors

Drugs targeting these receptors typically act as competitive antagonists, monoclonal antibodies that block ligand binding, or small molecule inhibitors that prevent downstream intracellular signaling.