Multiple host cell receptors for MSC-secreted cytokines and growth factors

Multiple host cell receptors for MSC-secreted cytokines and growth factors refers to the diverse array of signaling proteins on host cells that interact with the Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) secretome. MSCs function as 'medicinal signaling cells' by releasing bioactive factors such as TGF-beta, VEGF, HGF, IL-10, and PGE2 in response to the local microenvironment (Caplan, 2017; Galipeau & Sensébé, 2018). These factors bind to specific receptors—including TGF-beta receptors, VEGFR, c-Met, and EP2/EP4—on immune cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. This interaction modulates the host immune system by promoting anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization and inhibiting T-cell proliferation, while simultaneously stimulating angiogenesis and tissue repair (Vizoso et al., 2017; Pittenger et al., 2019). Because this 'target' represents a collective paracrine network rather than a single molecular entity, it underlies the pleiotropic therapeutic effects of MSC-based therapies. It is particularly relevant in the treatment of complex inflammatory and degenerative conditions such as graft-versus-host disease, Crohn's disease, and myocardial infarction.

Other names

MSC secretome receptorsMesenchymal stem cell paracrine signaling targetsMSC-derived factor receptorsHost cell receptors for MSC-derived bioactive molecules

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) release a complex secretome comprising cytokines (e.g., IL-10, TGF-beta), growth factors (e.g., VEGF, HGF, IGF-1), and lipid mediators (e.g., PGE2). These molecules bind to their respective cognate receptors on host immune cells (e.g., T-cells, macrophages) and somatic cells (e.g., endothelial cells, fibroblasts). This binding triggers intracellular signaling pathways that suppress pro-inflammatory responses, promote M2 macrophage polarization, stimulate angiogenesis, and enhance endogenous tissue regeneration.