Multiple outer membrane proteins and surface antigens acting collectively as immunogens

Multiple outer membrane proteins and surface antigens acting collectively as immunogens refers to a composite target used primarily in the development of vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MenB). Because the MenB capsular polysaccharide is poorly immunogenic due to its structural similarity to human neural cell adhesion molecules, researchers utilize "reverse vaccinology" to identify surface-exposed proteins that can elicit a protective immune response (Pizza et al., 2000, Science). Key components of this target group include Factor H binding protein (fHbp), Neisserial adhesin A (NadA), Neisserial Heparin Binding Antigen (NHBA), and Porin A (PorA), which are often delivered via outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) (Biolchi et al., 2013, Expert Review of Vaccines). These proteins are essential for bacterial virulence, facilitating adhesion to host cells and helping the pathogen evade the host's alternative complement pathway (Pollard et al., 2009, Nature Reviews Immunology). Drugs targeting this collective group, such as the 4CMenB vaccine (Bexsero), work by inducing high titers of bactericidal antibodies that lead to complement-mediated lysis of the bacteria (FDA, 2015, Bexsero Prescribing Information). This multi-antigen strategy is designed to provide broad coverage against the high genetic diversity of MenB strains globally (Vernikos & Medini, 2014, Pathogens and Global Health).

Other names

Meningococcal Group B surface antigens4CMenB antigensBacterial outer membrane proteinsOuter membrane proteins (OMPs)Multicomponent bacterial antigens

Active immunization to induce the production of bactericidal antibodies which recognize the vaccine antigens and subsequently mediate complement-dependent killing of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (FDA, 2015, Bexsero Prescribing Information).