Multiple physiological zinc-binding proteins

Multiple physiological zinc-binding proteins refers to the extensive group of proteins—estimated to be approximately 10% of the human proteome—that require zinc ions for their catalytic activity, structural integrity, or regulatory functions (Andreini, C., et al., 2006). This diverse group includes over 300 enzymes, such as carbonic anhydrases and matrix metalloproteinases, as well as thousands of zinc-finger transcription factors essential for gene expression (Maret, W., 2013). These proteins play critical roles in DNA synthesis, cell division, protein synthesis, and immune system maintenance (NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, 2022). In clinical practice, these proteins are collectively influenced by zinc-based therapies used to treat zinc deficiency, support wound healing, or manage Wilson's disease by inducing metallothionein to block copper absorption (Brewer, G. J., 2001). Because the term encompasses a broad functional category rather than a single molecular entity, it is typically used in pharmacological contexts to describe the systemic biological requirements and therapeutic applications of zinc (PubChem, 2024). This classification is considered 'incorrect' as a specific therapeutic target because it lacks the molecular specificity required for modern drug discovery, representing a proteomic category rather than a single receptor or enzyme.

Other names

Zinc-binding proteinsZinc proteomeZinc-dependent enzymesZinc-finger proteins

Zinc acts as an essential mineral cofactor for numerous enzymes and structural proteins; it also induces the synthesis of metallothionein in intestinal cells, which sequesters copper and prevents its absorption (Brewer, G. J., 2001).