Multiple protein targets inferred from related Ershiwuwei-type Tibetan formulas

Multiple protein targets inferred from related Ershiwuwei-type Tibetan formulas refers to a collective set of biological molecules identified as the therapeutic focus of traditional Tibetan Ershiwuwei (25-ingredient) polyherbal formulations (Gong et al., 2022). These formulas, such as Ershiwuwei Songshi Wan and Ershiwuwei Chenxiang Wan, are used in Sowa Rigpa to treat complex conditions including liver cirrhosis, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders (Li et al., 2020). Network pharmacology studies have identified key proteins within this group, such as Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 1 (AKT1), and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA), which play central roles in inflammation and cell survival (Zhang et al., 2021). Because these medicines contain dozens of bioactive compounds, they exert their effects through a multi-target, multi-pathway approach rather than acting on a single receptor. This systems-level interaction allows the formulas to modulate complex disease networks, particularly those involving the PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. Consequently, this term describes a pharmacological profile rather than a single discrete molecular target.

Other names

Ershiwuwei formula targetsTibetan 25-ingredient medicine targetsESW targetsECW targetsSowa Rigpa multi-target network

Synergistic modulation of multiple signaling pathways, including TNF, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK, to regulate inflammatory and apoptotic responses (Li et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2021).