Mutant Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-derived neoantigen peptide (Mutant EGFR neoantigen)

Mutant Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)-derived neoantigen peptides are tumor-specific antigens that arise from somatic mutations in the EGFR gene, such as the EGFRvIII deletion or point mutations like L858R and T790M (Li et al., 2021, bmj.com). These peptides are processed intracellularly and presented on the cell surface by Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) molecules, where they are recognized by the host immune system as foreign (ResearchGate, 2021). Because these mutations are absent in normal tissues, they serve as highly specific targets for immunotherapy, minimizing off-target effects on healthy cells (Elsevier, 2021). Therapeutic strategies, including peptide vaccines like rindopepimut and personalized neoantigen vaccines, aim to stimulate a robust CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell mediated immune response to selectively eliminate tumor cells (Stanford, 2021; Frontiers, 2023). These targets are primarily investigated in glioblastoma and non-small cell lung cancer, often in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors or immune checkpoint inhibitors to overcome resistance and enhance efficacy (NIH, 2025).

Other names

EGFR mutant peptideEGFRvIII neoantigenEGFR L858R neoantigenEGFR T790M neoantigenTumor-specific antigen derived from EGFREGFR-targeted neoantigen

Induction of an antigen-specific T-cell mediated immune response (CD4+ and CD8+) against tumor cells expressing specific EGFR mutations, leading to targeted cell lysis.