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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigen Presentation Enhancement via Cytosolic Access Mediated by Listeriolysin O Expression (Mtb Antigen Presentation Enhancement via LLO)
- Target
- Mtb Antigen Presentation Enhancement via LLO
- Molecular classification
- Vaccine strategy, Immunomodulatory strategy
01
Overview
Enhancing Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen presentation through engineered expression of listeriolysin O enables bacterial proteins trapped within phagosomes to enter the host cell’s cytoplasm. This facilitates their processing via classical proteasome-dependent pathways, resulting in improved display on both MHCI and II molecules—and thus more effective stimulation of protective cellular immunity against TB.
- Other names
- Mtb antigen presentation enhancementListeriolysin O-mediated antigen presentationΔureC hly⁺ rBCG vaccineAntigen cross-presentation in MtbEnhanced antigen presentation via cytosolic access
02
Mechanism of action
Engineered expression of Listeriolysin O (LLO) in recombinant BCG vaccine strains to facilitate the release of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens from phagosomes into the host cell cytosol. This allows for proteasomal processing and presentation of these antigens on MHC class I molecules, enhancing CD8+ T cell activation and cellular immunity against TB.
03
Biological functions
Antigen presentationImmune response enhancementCD8+ T cell activationCD4+ T cell activationPhagosomal escape
04
Disease associations
TuberculosisInfection
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects of LLOImmunogenicity of LLORisk of exacerbated inflammationSafety of live attenuated vaccines
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