Myelin Basic Protein-Reactive T Cell (MBP-reactive T cell)

Myelin basic protein (MBP)-reactive T cells are a subset of autoreactive T lymphocytes that specifically recognize epitopes derived from myelin basic protein, a key structural component of the myelin sheath in the central nervous system. These cells play a significant role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune demyelinating diseases, most notably multiple sclerosis (MS). These autoreactive T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and accumulate within the brain compartment. Both CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic MBP-reactive T cell subsets have been identified. Activation can occur through direct recognition of self-MBP peptides presented by MHC molecules on antigen-presenting cells, or through molecular mimicry from microbial peptides.

Other names

MBP-specific T cellMyelin basic protein-specific T lymphocyteAutoreactive T cell to MBP

T cell vaccination aims to induce regulatory networks that suppress or deplete circulating autoreactive populations. Other drugs (immunosuppressants, anti-inflammatories) have broader effects on the immune system.