Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide–MHC class II complex (MOG-MHC II complex)

The Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) peptide–MHC class II complex is a pivotal immunological assembly consisting of a MOG-derived peptide fragment bound within the groove of a Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II molecule (UniProt Q16653). This complex is primarily expressed on the surface of professional antigen-presenting cells and serves as the specific ligand for the T cell receptors (TCRs) of CD4+ helper T cells (PMID: 31434710). In the context of autoimmune disorders like Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), the recognition of this complex by autoreactive T cells triggers an inflammatory response against the myelin sheath in the central nervous system (PMID: 28814750). Therapeutic strategies targeting this complex aim to achieve antigen-specific immune tolerance, thereby avoiding the side effects of systemic immunosuppression. Current approaches include the development of tolerogenic vaccines, peptide-coupled nanoparticles such as Navacims (e.g., PV-101), and soluble pMHC complexes designed to induce T cell anergy or promote the expansion of myelin-specific regulatory T cells (PMID: 30108257). These interventions are often restricted by the patient's HLA genotype, as the peptide must fit specific MHC alleles to be effective.

Other names

MOG-pMHCMOG35-55/I-Ab complexMOG/HLA-DRB1*15:01 complexpMHC II complex (MOG)

Induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance through T cell anergy, deletion, or regulatory T cell (Treg) expansion.