Myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2)

Myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2), also known as Lymphocyte antigen 96, is a secreted glycoprotein that acts as a crucial co-receptor for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). It is essential for the recognition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the initiation of downstream inflammatory signaling pathways. MD-2 forms a heterodimeric complex with TLR4, enabling the receptor to bind LPS and trigger the activation of NF-kB and MAPK pathways. This process leads to the production of cytokines and inflammation. MD-2 is expressed primarily by macrophages and dendritic cells and has been implicated in various inflammatory diseases and cancer progression. It is considered a therapeutic target for sepsis, inflammation, and cancer metastasis.

Other names

LY96Lymphocyte antigen 96ESOP1ESOP-1

MD-2 is a co-receptor for TLR4, enabling TLR4 to recognize and respond to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Therapeutics targeting MD-2 aim to block the interaction of MD-2 with LPS or TLR4, thereby inhibiting downstream inflammatory signaling.