Myofibroblast Activation

Myofibroblast activation is a complex cellular process involving the transformation of various precursor cells into contractile myofibroblasts. These cells are characterized by their ability to produce extracellular matrix (ECM) components and generate contractile forces. Key stimulatory factors include growth factors (TGF-β1, PDGF, CTGF), ECM components (ED-A FN, ECM stiffness), and mechanical stimuli (strained ECM, increased tissue stiffness). Signaling pathways involved include TGF-β, calcium, cAMP, and mitochondrial signaling. The process occurs in stages, from proto-myofibroblast to fully activated myofibroblast, marked by α-SMA expression. Therapeutic approaches aim to modulate these signaling pathways to treat fibrotic diseases and wound healing disorders.

Other names

Myofibroblast differentiationFibroblast activationECM remodelingTissue fibrosis

Varies depending on the specific target involved in myofibroblast activation. For example, forskolin stimulates adenylyl cyclase, increasing cAMP levels and inhibiting myofibroblast transformation.