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Myosin type II
- Molecular classification
- Motor protein, Enzyme, Actomyosin
01
Overview
Myosin type II, also known as conventional myosin, is a molecular motor protein primarily responsible for muscle contraction in animal cells and force generation in non-muscle cells. It is the prototypical member of the myosin superfamily and plays essential roles in cellular processes such as cytokinesis, cell migration, adhesion, polarity establishment, and tissue morphogenesis. It is a hexamer composed of two heavy chains, two essential light chains (ELC), and two regulatory light chains (RLC). Its activity is tightly regulated by phosphorylation of RLCs. Dysregulation or mutation can lead to diseases including certain cancers or developmental disorders. Small molecule inhibitors such as blebbistatin specifically target myosin II activity.
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of myosin II ATPase activity
03
Biological functions
Muscle contractionCytokinesisCell migrationCell adhesionPolarity establishmentTissue morphogenesisCortical tensionSarcomere contractionStress fiber tension
04
Disease associations
CancerDevelopmental disordersCell division disordersMetastasis
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects due to broad role in cellular processes.Inhibition may disrupt essential cellular functions like cytokinesis.
06
Interacting drugs
Blebbistatin
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