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N-type Calcium Channel Protein
- Molecular classification
- Ion channel, Voltage-gated calcium channel
01
Overview
N-type calcium channels, also known as CaV2.2 channels, are voltage-gated calcium channels predominantly found in neuronal tissue, especially at nerve terminals and dendrites as well as neuroendocrine cells. They play a critical role in neurotransmitter release and are heavily involved in pain pathways. These channels are part of the high-voltage-activated (HVA) group of calcium channels. The primary pore-forming subunit is α1B, encoded by the CACNA1B gene. Auxiliary subunits include α2δ and β. They are blocked irreversibly by ω-conotoxin GVIA and targeted by Ziconotide clinically to treat severe chronic pain.
- Other names
- CaV2.2 channel
02
Mechanism of action
Blockage of N-type calcium channels, Inhibition of calcium influx, Inhibition of neurotransmitter release
03
Biological functions
Neurotransmitter releaseCalcium influxSynaptogenesisNociception
04
Disease associations
Chronic painNeuropathic pain
05
Safety considerations
Severe chronic pain treatmentLimited human disease-causing mutations known
06
Interacting drugs
ω-Conotoxin GVIA
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