Naïve B cell

Naïve B cells are mature B lymphocytes that have exited the bone marrow but have not yet encountered their specific cognate antigen in the peripheral lymphoid tissues [1]. They are phenotypically defined by the surface co-expression of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin D (IgD), along with pan-B-cell markers such as CD19 and CD20, while notably lacking the memory B-cell marker CD27 [2]. These cells serve as the primary pool for the adaptive immune system to recognize novel pathogens, eventually differentiating into antibody-secreting plasma cells or memory B cells upon activation [3]. In clinical pathology, naïve B cells are involved in the development of autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and certain B-cell malignancies, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), where they may exhibit abnormal signaling or expansion [4]. Although Naïve B cells refers to a cell population rather than a single molecular target, therapeutic interventions often target this population by using monoclonal antibodies against surface receptors like CD20 or by inhibiting survival signals like B-cell activating factor (BAFF) [5].

Other names

Antigen-inexperienced B cellNaive B lymphocyteIgD+ IgM+ B cell

B-cell depletion via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), or inhibition of survival signaling through the BAFF/BLyS pathway [5].