NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1 (NLRP1)

NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1 (NLRP1) is a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor belonging to the NOD-like receptor (NLR) family[1][3][4]. It is a key component of the inflammasome, a multi-protein complex that detects pathogenic microorganisms and cellular stress, leading to caspase-1 activation and subsequent processing of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β and interleukin-18[4][1][3]. NLRP1 plays a central role in innate immunity and inflammation, as well as programmed cell death processes including apoptosis and pyroptosis. It is expressed in various epithelial and hematopoietic tissues and is implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases (vitiligo, type 1 diabetes, lupus, Addison disease), inflammatory skin conditions, and certain cancers[1][2][3]. There are currently no approved drugs that directly target NLRP1, but its central role in inflammatory responses makes it an attractive therapeutic target for modulation of immune and inflammatory diseases.

Other names

NLRP1NALP1CARD7NACNACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1NLR family pyrin domain containing 1Ced-4 family memberApoptosis inhibitory protein family member X1

Inhibition of inflammasome activation; Modulation of immune system signaling and cytokine production; Interference with caspase activation