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NADPH oxidase (neutrophil isoform)
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Oxidoreductase
01
Overview
NADPH oxidase is a multi-subunit enzyme complex expressed in neutrophils and other phagocytes that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to produce superoxide anion during the "oxidative burst." This process is essential for killing invading pathogens and is tightly regulated by priming and activation signals, including phosphorylation of regulatory subunits. Dysregulated superoxide anion generation is implicated in various diseases, such as inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and chronic granulomatous disease. Several drugs, particularly calcium channel blockers, have shown inhibitory effects on NADPH oxidase activity, with potential therapeutic implications but also risks related to immunosuppression and infection[3][4][2][1].
- Other names
- phagocyte NADPH oxidaseNOX2gp91^phox^CYBB
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of NADPH oxidase enzymatic activity (prevents generation of superoxide anion); Calcium channel modulation affecting NADPH oxidase/oxidoreductase function
03
Biological functions
Superoxide anion generation (oxidative burst)Immune responseHost defense
04
Disease associations
InflammationCardiovascular disease (ischemia-reperfusion injury)Infectionchronic granulomatous diseaseautoimmune disease
05
Safety considerations
Immunosuppression (excess inhibition may reduce host defense)Increased risk of infection (important in chronic granulomatous disease)Off-target effects of enzyme inhibitors, especially calcium channel blockers
06
Interacting drugs
Verapamil
3 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Superoxide anion levels (measured by cytochrome c reduction assay)Neutrophil oxidative burst assay
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