Natural Killer Cell Function (NK Cell Function)

Natural killer (NK) cell function refers to the ability of NK cells—a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte within the innate immune system—to recognize and destroy infected, stressed, or malignant cells. NK cells are essential for early defense against viral infections and tumor formation by directly killing target cells and secreting immunomodulatory cytokines. NK cell activity is tightly regulated by a balance between activating and inhibitory signals received through surface receptors. Deficiencies in natural killer cell function may result from genetic defects or be secondary to disease states, leading to increased susceptibility to infections or malignancies.

Other names

NK cell activityNK cell cytotoxicityNatural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

Not applicable - this refers to a cellular function rather than a druggable target. Drugs can enhance or suppress NK cell function through various mechanisms, such as cytokine stimulation or checkpoint blockade.