Near esophoria

Near esophoria is a *sensorimotor anomaly of the binocular vision system* characterized by the eyes' tendency to turn inward (over-converge) when focusing on objects at close (near) distances[2][3][5][6][9]. Unlike receptors or molecules, this is a functional diagnosis, not a molecular entity. Esophoria is classed as a type of *heterophoria*, where the deviation of the eye is only revealed when binocular fusion is interrupted (such as by covering one eye); *near esophoria* is diagnosed specifically when this deviation is greater during tasks requiring near vision such as reading. Near esophoria may cause symptoms like eye strain, double vision, fatigue, headaches, and difficulty reading or concentrating, particularly at near viewing distances[2][5][7][9]. It is diagnosed using clinical tests such as the cover-uncover test, and is generally managed with vision therapy, corrective lenses, or prisms—not pharmacological agents[1][3][5][7]. Summary: Near esophoria is not a molecule, receptor, enzyme, or therapeutic molecular target, but rather a descriptive clinical term for a subset of esophoria that occurs at near. If your intent is to map therapeutic or molecular targets, "near esophoria" is not an appropriate entry and should be flagged as such.

Other names

Esophoria at nearNear esophoric postureNear inward phoriaNear convergence excess phoria