Neurexin-1 (NRXN1)

Neurexin-1 (NRXN1) is a single-pass type I membrane protein of the neurexin family, acting as a presynaptic cell-adhesion molecule and receptor crucial for the formation, maintenance, and function of synapses in the central nervous system[1][2]. NRXN1 binds to neuroligins on the postsynaptic membrane to form Ca(2+)-dependent complexes necessary for efficient neurotransmission and synaptic contact formation[1][2]. The gene produces multiple isoforms (alpha and beta) via alternative promoters and splicing, with alpha-neurexins playing a central role in synaptic signaling, regulating calcium channel activity, and facilitating neurotransmitter release[1][2][3]. Mutations and deletions in NRXN1 are strongly associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, especially autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia, and also with rare syndromes such as Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome-2[1][2][3]. NRXN1 does not have established pharmacological targeting, but its gene variations are important biomarkers for patient selection and disease stratification in research and genetic medicine[1][2][3].

Other names

Neurexin-1NRXN1KIAA0578Neurexin-1-betaNeurexin I-betaNeurexin I-alphaNeurexin-1-alphaPTHSL2SCZD17Hs.22998neurexin-1neurexin I

Not established for direct pharmacological targeting. Genetic mutations, deletions, or alterations in NRXN1 impact protein-protein interactions (especially with neuroligins), affecting synaptic function and neurotransmitter release[1][2][3].