Neuropeptide FF-amide peptide precursor (NPFF)

Neuropeptide FF-amide peptide precursor (NPFF) is an endogenous precursor protein in mammals that is proteolytically processed to generate several RFamide peptides, principally neuropeptide FF (NPFF) and related peptides like NPAF, NPSF, and NPVF. These peptides are widely distributed in the brain and periphery, acting mainly via two G protein-coupled receptors—NPFF1 and NPFF2. Functionally, NPFF is best known for its modulation of pain, including a prominent anti-opioid effect, regulation of blood pressure, and influence on neuroendocrine hormone secretion. Additional physiological roles include immune system modulation, metabolic control, and possible involvement in mood regulation. The NPFF system interacts closely with endogenous opioid systems and is being actively investigated as a therapeutic target for pain, opioid tolerance, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and neuroendocrine disorders.

Other names

Pro-FMRFamide-related neuropeptide FFNeuropeptide SFNeuropeptide FFNeuropeptide AFNPFFNPSFNPAFFMRFALFMRFamide-related peptidespro-FMRFamide-related neuropeptide FFFLFQPQRFaNPFFANPFFB

NPFF and related peptides act primarily through GPCRs (NPFF1 and NPFF2 receptors), modulating neuronal activity and synaptic transmission. Antagonism of opioid-induced analgesia via anti-opioid modulatory pathway. Activation or inhibition of specific neuronal populations to affect cardiovascular and neuroendocrine outputs.