New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 (NY-ESO-1) antigen (NY-ESO-1)

NY-ESO-1 is a protein of 180 amino acids (~18 kDa) encoded by the CTAG1B gene on chromosome Xq28[3][5]. It is a member of the cancer-testis antigen family, with expression largely restricted to germline (testis, placenta) and a variety of tumors but not normal adult somatic tissues. NY-ESO-1 is highly immunogenic and serves as a potent tumor-specific antigen, eliciting robust humoral and cellular immunity, making it a favored target for cancer immunotherapy strategies including peptide vaccines, adoptive cell therapies, and gene-modified cell therapies. Enhancement of its antigen presentation (e.g., via dendritic cell vaccines or Fc receptor targeting) is an active area of research to improve immunotherapeutic efficacy in cancers expressing NY-ESO-1[1][2][3][5][7].

Other names

Cancer-testis antigen 1B (CTAG1B)CTA 1BCTGAG1B

Immune-mediated killing via T cell recognition after presentation of NY-ESO-1 peptide by MHC class I/II on tumor cells or antigen-presenting cells\nEnhanced antigen presentation (e.g., via adjuvants, immune complex formation, dendritic cell targeting)