Target intelligence / Profile preview

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP)

Target
NADP
Molecular classification
Coenzyme, Dinucleotide, Electron carrier, Small molecule
01

Overview

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) is an essential coenzyme composed of a nicotinamide ring linked to an adenine nucleotide with an additional phosphate group. It serves as a key redox carrier in anabolic metabolic reactions, most notably in photosynthesis and biosynthesis, shuttling electrons and hydrogen ions in cells. NADP exists in two interconvertible forms, the oxidized NADP+ and the reduced NADPH. Its balanced redox function is crucial for the synthesis of fatty acids and nucleic acids, cellular energy production, protection against oxidative stress, and maintenance of metabolic homeostasis across all domains of life

Other names
NADP(+)NADPNADPH (reduced form)Triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPN)Codehydrase IICoenzyme II
02

Mechanism of action

N/A for direct drug targeting. Drugs acting on NADP-dependent enzymes typically inhibit or modulate the enzyme's ability to utilize NADP/NADPH for redox reactions

03

Biological functions

Electron transfer in metabolic reactionsReducing agent in anabolic pathways (lipid, nucleic acid synthesis)Oxidative stress protectionEnabling energy metabolism and ATP productionParticipates in DNA repair and detoxification
04

Disease associations

Indirectly implicated in metabolic disorders, oxidative stress conditions, and diseases where redox balance is disrupted
05

Safety considerations

None specific to NADP itself; however, disturbances in NADP/NADPH balance are associated with metabolic dysregulation and increased susceptibility to oxidative damage
06

Biomarkers

NADPH levels are sometimes measured as a biomarker for cellular redox status and oxidative stress

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